The growth of civil infrastructure in oil and gas entails infrastructure that is hazardous and represents an environmental challenge during decommissioning and replacement. Autonomous technologies can play a key role, firstly in providing accurate assessments and secondly in carrying out the phase of decommissioning (which often has to take place in environments hazardous to humans) in a way so as to protect both humans and the environment. Notwithstanding the above, it is noticeable that the convergence of new technologies such as AI, Big Data, and the Internet of Things (IoT) is transforming industries. This is even more apparent in industries like oil and gas where the increased use of robotics is also seen as a way to: (a) mitigate risks in decommissioning or in other operations; and (b) improve safety by automating dangerous tasks whereby, in addition, the integration of such technologies allows for enhanced productivity and efficiency. However, at the same time, this introduces significant challenges in terms of cybersecurity and other risks and in terms of robotics liability.