An article titled ”A Comprehensive Study on the Electrolyte, Anode and Cathode for Developing Commercial Type Non-flammable Sodium-ion Battery” authored by K. Du, C. Wang, L.U. Subasinghe, S.R. Gajjela, M. Law, A. Rudola, and P. Balaya has been accepted for publication in Energy Storage Materials. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ensm.2020.04.021]

Abstract

Here, we present a comprehensive study of choice of electrolyte, anode and cathode to develop commercially viable non-flammable sodium-ion battery. We report hard carbon (HC) vs. Na using ether-based non-flammable electrolyte: 1 M NaBF₄ in tetraglyme and compare storage performance, thermal stability and SEI formation with those obtained using carbonate-based electrolyte: 1 M NaClO₄ in EC:PC (v:v=1:1). The results shows that 1 M NaBF₄ in tetraglyme works as a better electrolyte than carbonate-based electrolyte for HC anode. We present and compare storage performances of pristine and aliovalent-doped Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃ (NVP) vs. Na. Doped-NVP outperforms pristine cathode in terms of specific capacity and rate capability. 18650-type non-flammable sodium-ion cells fabricated using modified NVP vs. HC exhibits energy density of 60 Wh kg⁻¹. When discharged at a high rate close to 5 C, the cell successfully retains 83% of its storage capacity obtained at low rate. When cycled at C/5, doped NVP vs. HC 18650 cell retains 90% of its initial capacity after 200 cycles.