“Fundamentals, status and promise of sodium-based batteries” Robert Usiskin, Yaxiang Lu, Jelena Popovic, Markas Law, Palani Balaya, Yong-Sheng Hu, and Joachim Maier, Nature Reviews Materials, 2021, 210324 [DOI:10.1038/s41578-021-00324-w]

Abstract

Na-based batteries have shown substantial progress in recent years and are promising candidates for mitigating the supply risks associated with Li-based batteries. In this Review, Na and Li batteries are compared in terms of fundamental principles and specific materials. Principles for the rational design of a Na battery architecture are discussed. Recent prototypes are surveyed to demonstrate that Na cells offer realistic alternatives that are competitive with some Li cells in terms of performance.