This paper investigates the dynamic mechanical response of stainless steel 316L fabricated via selective laser melting under high strain rate deformation. The analysis focuses on the compressive deformation behaviour with respect to different printing strategies with scanning rotation angles of 0°, 90°, and 67°, under three heat treatment conditions. The study focuses on microstructural evolution and compressive deformation mechanisms at high strain rates. Selective laser melted SS316L exhibits sensitivity to both high strain rate and elevated temperature, comparable to that of wrought SS316L in high strain rate deformation. At a fixed strain, the observed rise in stress with an increasing strain rate suggests the strain hardening phenomena in high-strain rate deformation. The flow stress decreases significantly with rise in temperature due to the thermal-softening effect. With the increase in temperature, more recrystallized grains are formed and the viscosity of the material decreases. The samples with a 0° rotation display deformation in the direction of the laser scanning due to the presence of a pronounced local texture morphology on the top surface, leading to anisotropic deformation in the samples with uni-directional scanning, and the elliptical shape of samples are formed after high strain rate compression. Systematic experiments yielded a complete set of material constants for the Johnson-Cook material constitutive model, which describes the connection between flow stress and plastic strain in the presence of severe deformation, large strain rates and high temperatures.