Key research directions of our team in NUS include, but are not limited to:

• Detonation combustion (simulation)

The research direction of detonation combustion is multifaceted, encompassing both fundamental and applied aspects of this extreme combustion phenomenon. The team primarily focuses on the physics and chemistry underlying detonation waves, including the intricate reaction kinetics and the propagation dynamics that dictate the stability and efficiency of these processes. The research also emphasizes the development of detonation-driven propulsion systems, such as detonation wave engines, which promise significant improvements in performance and efficiency for various applications, including aerospace and energy generation. In parallel, the team assesses safety protocols for handling explosives (e.g., hdyrogen) and investigates the environmental impacts of detonative processes, striving to increase efficiency, mitigate emissions and improve the sustainability of combustion technologies. Ultimately, this research aims to leverage the unique characteristics of detonation combustion to contribute to cleaner and more efficient energy solutions and propulsion systems, fostering advancements in both science and industry.

• Droplet and spray combustion (experiment + simulation + theory)

Our team investigates droplet and spray combustion to enhance efficiency and reduce emissions in energy and propulsion systems. Key focuses include understanding evaporation, ignition, and combustion dynamics of single fuel droplets and sprays, as well as interactions with complex flows, such as high-speed flows. The team is developing advanced experimental techniques, such as high-speed imaging and laser diagnostics, coupled with computational modeling and theoretical analysis to study fuel atomization, mixing, and combustion of sprayed fuels. Applications span internal combustion engines, gas turbines, and industrial burners, with the goal of optimizing fuel injection strategies, improving combustion stability, and minimizing environmental impact through cleaner, more sustainable combustion processes.

• Hydrogen and ammonia combustion for power (experiment + simulation + AI)

We explores hydrogen and ammonia combustion as sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels, focusing on their potential for zero- or low-carbon energy systems. Our key areas include understanding flame dynamics, ignition characteristics, and NOx emission control, particularly for ammonia. The team investigates combustion stability, fuel-air mixing, and burner design for gas turbines, internal combustion engines, and industrial applications. Advanced experimental techniques (e.g., optical diagnostics) and computational models are used to optimize performance and efficiency while minimizing emissions. The goal is to enable the safe, scalable use of hydrogen and ammonia as clean energy carriers, supporting the transition to decarbonized power generation and transportation.

• Hydrogen safety and mitigation (simulation)

We focuses on hydrogen safety and hazard mitigation to enable its widespread use as a clean energy carrier. Key areas include studying hydrogen leakage, dispersion, and ignition behavior in confined and open environments, as well as detonation/explosion dynamics and flame propagation. The team develops advanced modelling methods, safety protocols, and mitigation strategies, such as ventilation systems and flame arrestors. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is employed to model risks and design safer storage, transport, and infrastructure systems. The goal is to minimize hazards, ensure public safety, and support the safe integration of hydrogen into energy and transportation systems.

• Battery thermal runaway and fires (simulation)

Our team investigates battery thermal runaway and fire modeling to enhance the safety of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles and energy storage systems. Key focuses include understanding the mechanisms of thermal runaway, heat generation, and gas venting during failure. The team develops predictive models using computational simulations and theoretical analysis to analyze propagation dynamics, fire behavior, and toxicity of emitted gases. We also explore mitigation strategies, such as thermal management systems, flame retardants, and battery design improvements. The goal is to prevent catastrophic failures, improve safety standards, and enable the development of safer, more reliable battery technologies for sustainable energy applications.